Amateeka agafuga SACCO yo: Amateeka, ebiragiro n'amateeka ag'omunda

Buli SACCO ebeera mu nkola y'amateeka. Amamu gaava mu mateeka n'akulira, ate amamu SACCO yegawandiikira. Okumanya etteeka erikola, n'okulikuuma nga likyaliwo, gumu ku mirimu egy'omukwano naye egy'enkizo ennyo gwe bakola abakulira n'abakulembeze.

Lwaki kikulu: SACCO erireka amateeka gaayo ag'omunda okukyuka, erirema okutuukiriza ekiseera ky'okuteekayo lipooti, oba eriwola ebweru w'enkola yaayo ekyusa amateeka, eba etuukiriza obutwaala engassi, okuggyibwako obuyinza, oba okuggyibwa ku lukalala. Okusigala ng'ogoberera amateeka kye kikukuuma layisinsi y'okukola n'okukuuma ssente z'abammemba.

Amateeka: amateeka amakulu n'ebiragiro byago

Ekitundu ekya waggulu ge mateeka ga ggwanga, g'olina okugoberera oba ogagala oba nedda.

• Etteeka ery'ebibiina by'obwegatte (cooperative law) ly'erifuga SACCO bw'ewandiisibwa, bw'ekola n'bw'eggyibwawo. Mu Kenya lino lye Co-operative Societies Act (Cap 490); mu Tanzania, Cooperative Societies Act, 2013; mu Uganda, Cooperative Societies Act (Cap 112, amended 2020). Amateeka gonna gasatu gakola omulimu gumu, kyokka nga gatuumibwa amannya n'emyaka egyawukana.
• Olw'okuba SACCO etwala ssente n'ewola, era egwa wansi w'amateeka ga microfinance, agalina akulembeze waago ow'enjawulo (laba wansi). Mu Kenya kino kitegeeza SACCO Societies Act, 2008; mu Tanzania, Microfinance Act, 2018 n'ebiragiro byayo ebifa ku SACCO; mu Uganda, Tier 4 Microfinance Institutions and Money Lenders Act, 2016.
• Etteeka likuwa amateeka amakulu; ebiragiro byo bigezaamu obulungi, gamba ng'ensalo, foomu, empimo, n'ebiseera by'okumaliriza. Byombi bikusiba, era byombi biyinza okukyuka, noolwekyo kakasa ebifo ebikyaliwo okuva eri akulembeze wo, so si kulowooza nti etteeka ery'omwaka oguyise likyali nga bwe liri.

Ani akufuga

Abakulembeze babiri be bakulu ennyo, era kikuyamba okumanya buli omu ky'akola.

• Omuwandiisi w'ebibiina by'obwegatte ye awandiisa SACCO, n'akuuma amateeka gaayo ag'omunda ku lukalala, era n'alabirira obufuzi bwa SACCO n'olukuŋŋaana olukulu (AGM). Mu Tanzania oyo ye Registrar of Cooperatives, gwe bayita "Mrajis"; mu Kenya, ye Commissioner for Co-operative Development; mu Uganda, ye Registrar of Cooperative Societies (era, okusinziira ku tteeka, y'oyo era Commissioner for Cooperative Development).

• Akulembeze w'ebyensimbi ow'enkalakkalira (prudential regulator) alabirira SACCO ng'ekitongole ekitwala ssente ez'amaterekero, era n'assaawo emitindo gy'ensimbi ez'ekkomo, ez'okufuna mangu, n'eby'okuwaayo lipoota. Buli ggwanga likola kino mu ngeri yaalyo eyawukana:

  • Kenya — SACCO ezitwala ssente ez'amaterekero, wamu n'ezisinga obunene ku ezitatwala ssente z'amaterekero, zirabirirwa SASRA (SACCO Societies Regulatory Authority). SACCO entono, ezikola ku kutereka kwokka, zisigala wansi wa Commissioner for Co-operative Development. Central Bank of Kenya teriiko ky'ekola wano butereevu.
  • Tanzania — Bank of Tanzania y'akulembeze wa nnamateeka, naye ewadde obuvunaanyizibwa bw'okulabirira SACCO obwa buli lunaku eri TCDC, Tanzania Cooperative Development Commission — ekitongole kye kimu ekikola nga Mrajis.
  • Uganda — SACCO ezisinga obungi ziweebwa layisinsi UMRA (Uganda Microfinance Regulatory Authority) nga emu ku ntundu nnya eza Tier 4 mu microfinance. SACCO ezisinga obunene, ezisukka ekkomo ery'okutereka n'ensimbi ez'ekkomo eritegekebwa mu Tier 4 Act, zisimbulwa ne ziweebwa layisinsi butereevu Bank of Uganda.

  Ekyo ekikukwatako, gwe akulembeze akussaawo amateeka go ag'ebyensimbi era gw'oweereza lipoota zo — manya ani ye nga ekiseera ky'okuwaayo tekinnaba kutuuka.

Amateeka go ag'omunda, ssemateeka wa SACCO

Amateeka ag'omunda ge mateeka abammemba bennyini ge bakkaanyaako ku lukuŋŋaana olukulu (AGM), mu kigero ky'etteeka kye liganya.

• Gasiba mu mateeka bwe gamala okuwandiisibwa, era gagatta obumemba, emigabo, akakiiko akakulu, obukiiko, enkuŋŋaana n'engeri ssente ezisigaddewo gye zigabanyizibwamu.
• Gakuume nga gakola. Bwe kiba nti abammemba balonda okukyusa etteeka ly'omunda ku lukuŋŋaana olukulu (AGM), enkyukakyuka eyo erina okuteekebwa eri Omukulu w'abakulembeze ba SACCO. Ekyapa ekyawandiisibwa ekikadde kiba kikolobya mu kugoberera amateeka.

Akatabo k'enkola, akatabo k'amateeka go ag'omunda

Wansi w'amateeka ag'omunda waliwo akatabo k'enkola: amateeka ag'oku buli lunaku agakkirizibwa akakiiko akakulu.

• Okutereka, okwewola, ssente, okukwata ssente n'abakozi buli kimu kirina okuba n'enkola eyawandiikibwa, era eyakkirizibwa akakiiko akakulu.
• Gakebere buli kaseera. Enkola zirina okuddamu okukeberebwa buli mwaka okusobola okukwatagana n'enkola ezikola kati, amateeka n'ebiragiro bya CAMS.
• Gigoberere mu nkola. Enkola erekeddwawo embi okusinga obutaba n'enkola yonna, n'olwekyo wola, kozesa ssente, era n'oggya abakozi ng'ogoberera akatabo k'enkola, buli kaseera.

Goberera amateeka era oteekeeyo lipooti

Okugoberera amateeka kulagibwa ku ekyo ky'oteekawo n'engeri gy'oyisaamu, so si ku kigendererwa.

• Tuukiriza buli kiseera. Teekayo ebitabo by'ebalansi ebyakeberebwa, lipooti n'ebiragiro by'obukugu ku kiseera eri Omukulu w'abakulembeze ba SACCO n'akulira.
• Kola olukuŋŋaana olukulu (AGM) era oteekeeyo ebiwandiiko byalyo. Olukuŋŋaana olukulu olutuukiriziddwa ku kiseera n'okulonda n'ebitabo by'ebalansi ebyakkirizibwa lwennyini mulimu gw'okugoberera amateeka.

Olukalala olwangu

• Kuuma ekyapa ekyawandiisibwa ekikola eky'amateeka go ag'omunda era oteekeeyo enkyukakyuka zonna eza AGM eri Omukulu w'abakulembeze ba SACCO
• Kakasa amateeka n'ebiragiro ebyakukolako mu ggwanga lyo ne mu ddaala lyo
• Kakasa nti enkola z'okutereka, okwewola, ssente, okukwata ssente n'abakozi zawandiikibwa era zakkirizibwa akakiiko akakulu
• Kebera akatabo k'enkola buli mwaka era okole mu kigero kyako
• Wandiika buli kiseera ky'okuteekayo lipooti eri Omukulu w'abakulembeze ba SACCO n'akulira microfinance
• Kola olukuŋŋaana olukulu (AGM) ku kiseera era n'okuuma ebiwandiiko byalyo n'ebitabo by'ebalansi ebyakkirizibwa ku fayiro